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Ras al-Ayn Camps
Ra's al-'Ayn camps (also Ras ul-Ain camps) were desert death camps near Ra's al-'Ayn city, where many Armenians were deported and slaughtered during the Armenian Genocide.〔World War One: The Global Revolution, By Lawrence Sondhaus, Cambridge University Press, 2011, p. 390〕 The site became "synonymous with Armenian suffering".〔Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction, by Adam Jones, 2006, Page 110〕
==History==
Ras al-Ayn was one of the major collecting places of deported Christians. By September 1915 the groups of refugees (usually made up of women and children) began to arrive after the exhausting journey.〔Massacres, resistance, protectors: Muslim-Christian relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I, by David Gaunt, Jan Beṯ-Şawoce, Gorgias Press LLC, 2006, p. 249〕 In April 1916 the German consul reported "again massacre at Ras ul Ain": "300 to 500 deportees are taken out of the concentration camp each day and butchered at a distance of 10 km. from Ras ul Ain"〔The Widening circle of genocide, Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide (Jerusalem), V. Dadrian, 1994, p. 103〕 In summer of 1916 new rounds of massacres improvised by the Turkish government in the areas of Deir ez-Zor, Rakka and Ras ul-Ain.〔Encyclopedia of Genocide: I-Y: Volume 2 - Page 95, 1999〕 In 1916, over 80000 of Armenians were slaughtered in Ras al-Ayn.〔Looking backward, moving forward: confronting the Armenian Genocide - Page 99, by Richard G. Hovannisian - 2003〕 According to reports, in one day alone 300-400 women arrived to the camps completely naked and were plundered by local Chechens and gendarmerie: "All the bodies, without exception, were entirely naked and the wounds that had been inflicted showed that the victims had been killed, after having been subjected to unspeakable brutalities".〔Remembrance and denial: author Hilmar Kaiser, Wayne State University Press, 1998, p. 68〕 "There was nothing wrong in robbing and killing deportees', as the local kaimakam (governor) had ordered to massacre the deported Armenians. Daurri (Diirri) Bey, son of Turkish Defterdar Djemal Bey of Aleppo, was the official High Executioner of the Armenians at Ras-el-Ain. "This brute, after robbing them of their jewelry chose the youngest girls of good families and kept them for a harem.〔German responsibility in the Armenian genocide: a review of the historical evidence of German complicity, by Vahakn N. Dadrian, Blue Crane Books, 1996, p. 80〕
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Several times, entire camps in Ras ul-Ayn were liquidated as a persecution against typhoid epidemics.〔Massacres, resistance, protectors: Muslim-Christian relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I, by David Gaunt, Jan Beṯ-Şawoce, Gorgias Press LLC, 2006, p. 301〕 According to US Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, Sr., all the way to Ras-ul-Ain the existence of wretched Armenian travellers "was one prolonged horror".〔Ambassador Morgenthau's Story: A Personal Account of the Armenian Genocide, By Henry Morgenthau, III, 2010, p. 219〕
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